Can society be commodities all the way down? Polanyian reflections on capitalist crisis

In his classic 1944 book, The Great Transformation, Karl Polanyi traced the roots of capitalist crisis to efforts to create "self-regulating markets" in land, labor, and money. The effect was to turn those three fundamental bases of social life into "fictitious commodities".The inevitable result, Polanyi claimed, was to despoil nature, rupture communities, and destroy livelihoods. This diagnosis has strong echoes in the 21st century: witness the burgeoning markets in carbon emissions and biotechnology; in child-care, schooling, and the care of the old; and in financial derivatives. In this situation, Polanyi's idea of fictitious commodification affords a promising basis for an integrated structural analysis that connects three dimensions of the present crisis, the ecological, the social, and the financial. This paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of Polanyi's idea.

The author

Nancy Fraser is the Henry and Louise A. Loeb Professor of Philosophy and Politics at the New School for Social Research in New York. Currently Einstein Vˆisiting ‚Fellow at the ‚Free ‰University of Berlin, she holds the Chair "Rethinking social justice in a globalizing world" at the Collège d'études mondiales, Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.

Reference

Nancy Fraser. Can society be commodities all the way down? Polanyian re ections on capitalistcrisis. FMSH-WP-2012-18. 2012.